Debian was first introduced by Ian Murdoch, a student from Purdue University, United States, on August 16, 1993, the Debian name comes from a combination of ex-girlfriend's name [DEB] ra and his own name [IAN] Murdoch.
At first, Ian began by modifying the distribution of SLS (Softlanding Linux System). However, he was not satisfied with the SLS which has been modified by him so that he thought it better to build the system (Linux distribution) of zero (in this case, Patrick Volkerding also tried to modify the SLS. He was successful and its distribution is known as the "Slackware").
Debian Project grew slowly at first and released a version 0.9x in 1994 and 1995. The transfer to other than i386 architecture begins ditahun 1995. Version 1.x began in 1996.
Ditahun 1996, Bruce Perens replaced Ian Murdoch as a Project Leader. In the same year debian developer Ean Schuessler, took the initiative to form the Debian Social Contract and Debian Free Software Guidelines, provide the basic standards of commitment to the development of debian distribution. He also formed the organization "Software in Public Interest" to overshadow debian legally and law.
At the end of 2000, the project to make changes in the debian archive and release management. And in the same year the developers started an annual conference and workshop "debconf".
On April 8, 2007, Debian GNU / Linux 4.0 released, codenamed "Etch". Release the latest version of Debian, 2009, was given the code name "Lenny". Deb is the extension of the Debian software package format and the name most often used for binary packages like that. Like "Deb" part of the term Debian, it comes from the name of Debra, then girlfriend and now ex-wife Debian founder Ian Murdock.
Debian package is also used in the distribution based on Debian, like Ubuntu and others.
Debian packages are standard Unix archive that includes the two gzip, tar archive bzipped or lzmaed: one is in control, and other information that contains data.
Canonical program for handling these packages is dpkg, most often through apt / aptitude.
deb packages can be converted to another and vice versa using the alien.
Some core Debian packages are available as udebs ( "micro debs"), and usually only used for bootstrapping a Debian installation. Although the file using the file name extension udeb, they obey the same structural specifications as usual deb. However, unlike their counterparts deb, only contains packages udeb essential functional files. In particular, documentation files are removed. udeb package can not be installed on a standard Debian system.
Currently there are dozens of Linux distributions to the debian-based, one of the most prominent and the phenomenon is Ubuntu
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